You will not often see a coastal backyard with out not less than one palm tree. Although these are crops of tropical areas, through the years they’ve turn out to be so at house in the environment that we will rightly take into account them to be nearly native species.
There are many kinds of palm timber. From people who develop as much as 2 meters in peak, but additionally people who soar into the air to heights of over 25 meters.
They belong to a gaggle of woody species from the Arecaceae household. Among the numerous palm timber cultivated right this moment, which we encounter day-after-day, the one one is the bush palm (Chamaerops humilis) initially from the Mediterranean, whereas the others, as talked about above, come from tropical areas.
All palm timber require planting in sheltered locations, shielded from chilly winter winds, nonetheless, there are additionally variations between particular person species.
They are propagated by seeds, which in most species germinate within the second 12 months after sowing, and the share of sprouting is excessive.
Palm timber typically self-sow, spontaneously in nature, so round outdated palm timber we will discover numerous younger crops, which needs to be transplanted as quickly as they sprout.
They are most frequently used for particular person planting or for planting in smaller teams, whereas some smaller species are additionally efficiently grown as potted crops.
Since palm timber are nonetheless unique species, their utility needs to be average, since they won’t look equally stunning in several habitats.
Palm timber don’t require particular care, particularly grownup ones. It is sufficient to lower off dry and broken leaves solely in spring yearly or each different 12 months. Young palm timber must be watered usually, particularly throughout dry summers, whereas adults can survive with out water for fairly a very long time.
Palm’s faucet
Until just lately, let’s imagine that they’re immune to pest assaults, till in Croatia, initially within the neighborhood of Zadar and Šibenik, and right this moment alongside your entire coast, two vital pests didn’t seem – Red palm weevil – Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Palm tree weevil – Paysandisia archon.
Although many of the species from the Arecaceae household are potential hosts, the best injury is prompted to the species Phoenix canariensis (Canary date), Trachycarpus fortunei (slender palm), Washingtonia filifera (spiny palm) and Chamaerops humilis (low palm), that are the most typical palms in our nation. .
The preliminary an infection is tough to detect, because the slight yellowing of the leaves could be attributed to a lot of components. After the drying of the leaves, yellowing and drying of your entire rosette happens, and finally your entire tree.
In order to forestall an infection, we will act preventively, by spraying with beneficial pesticides or by injecting pesticides into the trunk at a peak of about 1 meter, which prevents the uncontrolled drift of pesticides across the plant. By injecting, by way of conductive bundles, the lively substance is introduced on to the highest of the vegetation that the tentacle assaults. One annual injection gives safety for one complete season of pipe improvement.
Infected crops or plant elements have to be destroyed by burning or burying them within the floor and wrapping them in particular materials.
Trachycarpus fortunei (Tall, slender cypress)
This palm tree is quite common in lots of gardens, but additionally in metropolis parks and gardens. It is characterised by a trunk coated with reticulate formations. In our circumstances, it not often grows taller than 8 meters. It tolerates low temperatures extraordinarily nicely, even all the way down to -5 levels, and it’ll not be bothered by occasional robust gusts of wind, particularly gales. Thanks to its resistance, it survived in our local weather, in distinction to some species that froze.
At the highest of the trunk, it develops quite a few fan-shaped leaves, between which clusters of yellow flowers develop in summer time. Dark blue pods develop from them, with which it additionally reproduces.
Due to its dimensions, it’s appropriate for planting in smaller gardens, primarily as a single tree, but additionally for planting in teams of a number of palms.
It is planted in sunny positions, ideally shielded from the wind.
Phoenix canariensis (Canary date)
A species that, in contrast to the above, doesn’t have a fan, however a pinnate leaf 2-3 meters lengthy. It grows as much as 15 meters in peak.
It is characterised by the stays of a petiole on the trunk, between which some sort of vegetation, equivalent to asparagus or some creeper, can typically sprout, which gives a very stunning image.
The trunk is upright, and ends with a thick, lush crown. Precisely due to this truth, it shouldn’t be planted in confined areas, as a result of aside from not permitting the expansion of different crops, it’s not even good to see.
It prefers sunny areas, shielded from the wind. They bloom in April and May, with yellowish-white flowers from which yellowish-reddish berries, just like edible dates, cling in bunches and are very ornamental.
Chamaerops humilis – hummingbird
A low-growing palm tree, or moderately a bushy palm tree. It grows as much as about 4 meters in peak. The roots have quite a few shoots from which aspect shoots develop. Hence the fuzzy progress. It additionally reproduces with these aspect shoots. Its leaves are fan-shaped, and the fruit is elliptical, pink or yellowish in shade. Cultivation can also be attainable by sowing seeds.
It is commonly used as a solitaire, most frequently on grassy areas, and it’s also typically planted in massive ornamental containers.
In latest years, it has turn out to be more and more current within the association of metropolis inexperienced areas.
Cycas revoluta (Cycas)
Although the cycad is just not truly a palm, you’ll most frequently discover it in varied manuals underneath the identify Cycas palm, due to its leaves just like these of palm timber. This species initially comes from Japan, and right here it’s the most typical on the Dubrovnik coast. It grows fairly slowly, so even after a few years its peak doesn’t exceed 3 meters. It belongs to “living fossils” – crops which have been current for thousands and thousands of years.
At the highest of the trunk, it develops a leaf rosette of a dozen or extra leaves made up of quite a few leaflets that finish in a backbone, and which in grownup specimens are as much as 2 meters lengthy.
Developed crops push younger shoots from the trunk, that are separated from the trunk and planted in a mix of permeable substrate. After a while, the younger crops take root and begin rising.
Every 12 months, the cycad places out a number of new leaves, that are tender at first, however rapidly harden over time.
Cycas is delicate to frost, so it needs to be planted in additional sheltered habitats. It is commonly grown as a houseplant, typically as a houseplant.
Of the opposite palm timber which might be frequent in our nation, it’s definitely price highlighting the reticulated Washingtonia (Washingtonia filifera), a kind of upright progress, as much as 30 meters tall, characterised by reticulated formations on the leaves. Hence the identify of the reed. It is frequent on the coast.
In our local weather, in sure areas we will additionally discover a number of specimens of the date – Phoenix dactylifera, a species extraordinarily delicate to low temperatures. It appears to be like similar to the Canary date, with a barely thinner crown. The fruit is a scrumptious, edible date.
